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ADHD Stimulant Medication Stimulant medication is the first option for treating ADHD. They have a history of a high response, good tolerance and safety across the lifespan. However, it's important to find the right dosage and medication that alleviates your or your child's symptoms without side negative effects. It usually takes a lot of trial and error, as well as open dialogue with your doctor. Stimulants Stimulants are medications that increase the activity of the central nervous system. They are frequently used for enhancement of cognitive and performance by students, athletes as well as artists and workers. They also serve to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), narcolepsy, binge eating disorder, and other anxiety disorders. Amphetamines, methylphenidates, and other stimulant medications are the most commonly used. FDA-approved prescription stimulants are available in extended-release and immediate-release formulas. In the case of immediate-release, they are typically taken every four hours as required. If they are not taken as often they can trigger an abrupt and brief decrease in energy. The crash can trigger extreme hunger, mood swings and fatigue. Immediate-release medication can also increase heart rate and blood pressure in some people, especially when they don't eat enough. Extended-release medications are designed to release their active ingredients over a period of between 8 and 16 hours. Your doctor may suggest this kind of medication if your goal is long-lasting symptom control without having to take a pill multiple times a day. Ritalin Concerta and Focalin are all extended-release methylphenidate medications. Daytrana is a long-acting methylphenidate product that sticks to your skin like a bandage and lasts throughout the day. This kind of medication is usually prescribed to adults suffering from ADHD who need daily doses that last longer than the immediate-release alternatives. Stimulant medication does not cure ADHD but it can help manage the symptoms by enhancing how neurons in the brain communicate. They do this by affecting the levels of neurotransmitters in the brain, including dopamine and norepinephrine. This is done by blocking or binding to their receptors. This allows the release of more neurotransmitters, which aids in the transmission and reception of messages between neurons. In addition to stimulants, doctors may prescribe antidepressants for ADHD. Most antidepressants doctors prescribe for ADHD work on the norepinephrine and dopamine levels in your brain. One group, known as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors is a good choice for people suffering from depression or anxiety, too. These drugs are typically combined with stimulants to enhance their effectiveness. Your doctor may change between stimulant and a non-stimulant drug if your current medication isn't working or has intolerable side effects. Long-acting About 70 to 70% to with ADHD benefit from stimulants. They reduce symptoms like fidgeting and talking over others. They also help improve the performance of your job and improve your social abilities. Stimulant medications start working as soon as they pass through the blood-brain barrier which can take between 45 and 60 minutes. They increase norepinephrine and dopamine levels in brain cells, which reduces the impulsivity and hyperactivity. The FDA-approved stimulant medication consists of one of two molecules, methylphenidate (Adderall Ritalin Vyvanse Concerta) or amphetamine (Ritalin Adderall XR Vyvanse Vyvanse). The stimulants can cause negative side effects, such as nausea or loss of appetite, as well as increased blood pressure. They can also trigger headaches and anxiety. They can also make tics worse, and they may cause sleep issues in certain people. Long-acting stimulants like Strattera or Wellbutrin, are effective all day and night. The short-acting drugs only last for a short period of time. They can also aid with other conditions such as depression or anxiety. These medications work by changing the way that your body regulates chemical called monoamine oxidases. Monoamine oxidases break down dopamine in the brain and other neurotransmitters. These chemicals stay in the body for longer if not broken down. This could affect your behavior and thinking. Long-acting drugs can have less adverse effects. Your doctor may prescribe smaller doses that you take throughout the day. Certain stimulants are available as extended-release forms that you take daily. Some adults may find this more convenient, but you should still be sure to take your stimulants each day. Other medications have been found to be effective for a lot of adults with ADHD which includes selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). These medications are usually prescribed for depression or anxiety but they can also be prescribed for ADHD. About 70% of patients respond to these medications. Bupropion, also known as Wellbutrin, is an SSRI approved for ADHD. It was found to be more effective in a controlled trial than placebos. These medications can trigger serious side effects, such as ringing of the ears anxiety, and changes in heart and lung function. Short-acting Stimulant medication helps reduce ADHD symptoms by increasing dopamine and norepinephrine levels in the brain. These two chemicals help people manage their behavior and stay focused. These drugs come in many different forms, and each has its own brand, such as Adderall Vyvanse Ritalin Concerta. There are two main types of stimulant drugs such as the methylphenidates (such as methylphenidate) and amphetamines (such as dextroamphetamine). All have similar effects, but their duration of action is different. The methylphenidates can produce a less lasting effect, lasting as long as three hours. Amphetamines, on the other on the other hand, have a longer-lasting impact. Certain people are more able to tolerate stimulant drugs that have a long-acting effect than those that use short-acting drugs, so your doctor may prescribe this type of medication. It is essential to learn as much as possible about the medication. This includes any side effects, how often it should be taken and any warnings. This will help you and your doctor to determine the most suitable medication for you. medication for adhd should also understand that these medications can have certain negative side effects, including problems getting to sleep or losing appetite. Talk to your doctor in the event that you experience any of these adverse effects. You may have to adjust the dosage or try another drug. Adults with ADHD, who do not respond to stimulants well are treated with non-stimulant drugs. These medications take longer to work but they improve the capacity to focus and manage impulses. These drugs can be prescribed alone or together with stimulants. Atomoxetine, also referred to as Strattera or Qelbree, is the first. It works by increasing dopamine and norepinephrine levels in the prefrontal cortex, which regulates the behavior. Guanfacine, also known as Intuniv is part of the group of drugs called alpha-agonists. They block the release of these brain chemicals, and increasing their levels in the bloodstream. Guanfacine was initially developed to treat high blood pressure, has now been proven to be effective in treating ADHD. Combinations People suffering from ADHD use a variety of drug combinations. This includes stimulants paired with depressant drugs such as clonidine or guanfacine. These drugs can have a calming effect on the brain and can reduce symptoms like sleeplessness and aggressive behavior. They can also prevent the withdrawal symptoms of stimulants. This combination can be dangerous, however, when it is not utilized properly. Taking two stimulants at the simultaneously increases the risk of serotonin syndrome, a type of drug emergency that happens when the body is overloaded with excessive serotonin. This combination can also raise the heart rate and blood pressure. The risks of taking this medication are more pronounced for those with pre-existing health conditions such as high blood pressure or heart disease. Young adults and teens are increasingly consuming stimulant mixtures. These drugs, which are sold in pharmacies, are often known as “legal highs”. These drugs are also available on the black market. These substances can be dangerous, especially if they are combined with alcohol or other drugs. The use of polydrugs can be hazardous. Mixing drugs can cause dangerous and unpredictable consequences. This includes an increase in heart rate, reduced respiration, hallucinations, and paranoia. A study found that combination therapy was more effective than monopharmacotherapy when treating ADHD. Combined medication improved adherence and allowed patients to achieve more symptom relief than monotherapy. A majority of patients, however, stopped their treatment due to side effects. In some cases the medication was stopped due to sleep issues or worsening tics. This could be because of poor diagnosis or a lack of access to medication. Nonstimulants are another treatment option for ADHD. These medications help improve the quality of attention and impulse control however they don't work as well as stimulants. They are less likely to inhibit appetite and growth. Some antidepressants are also prescribed for ADHD however, they have a lower chance of enhancing focus and concentration. Numerous studies have demonstrated that atomoxetine and methylphenidate (Concerta) can be used together to achieve better results than either drug alone. Combining these two medications improved the adherence of patients and decreased the risk of adverse reactions for a majority of people. The combination was effective for adolescents and young adults. This combination could be a feasible option for children suffering from severe ADHD.